ABSTRACT
Introducción: El hemangioma cavernoso es una de las neoplasias benignas más frecuentes en la infancia. Objetivo: Describir el caso de un hemangioma cavernoso en edad pediátrica. Caso clínico: Lactante femenina de 6 meses de edad, de procedencia urbana, cuyo nacimiento tuvo lugar en el Hospital Materno Fe del Valle Ramos, del municipio Manzanillo. Al nacer se observa una lesión en forma placa eritematosa violácea infiltrada de ± 10 cm, de borde definido, de superficie liza, con aumento de temperatura al tacto, que se extendía desde la parte medial anterior y posterior hasta la superior de la pierna del miembro inferior izquierdo. Se decidió interconsultar con el Servicio de Angiología, el cual diagnostica la lesión como hemangioma cavernoso. Conclusiones: Se corroboró que el hemangioma cavernoso es una entidad frecuente en la infancia, su diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos son altamente beneficiosos para la mejoría y la cura, por lo que se impone la realización de un correcto y exhaustivo examen físico, de lo que se deriva también la prevención de complicaciones a corto, mediano y largo plazo(AU)
Introduction: Cavernous hemangioma is one of the most frequent benign neoplasms in childhood. Objective: To describe the case of a cavernous hemangioma at pediatric age. Clinical case: A 6-month-old female infant of urban origin was born at Hospital Materno Fe del Valle Ramos, Manzanillo Municipality, Granma Province. At birth, a violaceous erythematous plaque-like infiltrated lesion was observed, of approximately 10 cm, with a defined border, smooth surface, increased temperature at hand contact, extending from the anterior and posterior medial part to the upper leg of the left lower limb. It was decided to do an interconsultation with the angiology service, which diagnosed the lesion as a cavernous hemangioma. Conclusions: Cavernous hemangioma was corroborated to be a frequent entity in childhood, whose timely diagnosis and treatment are highly beneficial for improvement and cure, so it extremely necessary to carry out a correct and exhaustive physical examination, also deriving the prevention of complications in the short, medium and long terms(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy , Ceftriaxone/therapeutic use , Hemangioma, Cavernous/epidemiology , Neoplasms/diagnosisABSTRACT
For more than 20 years, immunohistochemistry has represented an auxiliary test of great relevance to support pathological work, however, it should be noted that the pillar of diagnosis continues and will continue to be the classic morphological description based on hematoxylin eosin and the trained eye of the specialist. In neoplastic pathologies, whether benign or malignant, it is becoming increasingly necessary to incorporate new tissue biomarkers that help objectify or confirm the diagnosis of each patient, in order to provide better treatment or a more precise diagnosis about the biological nature of their illness. In this line, there has been intense research in relation to the participation of the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway in the development of various types of tumors, including colon adenocarcinoma, some pancreatic neoplasms and even some tumors of mesenchymal origin, as will be seen. in this work. In this context and based on two clinical cases of special interest, we have prepared a brief review of the literature considering the biological aspects of ß-catenin, tumors where there is currently a true relative consensus that its immunolabeling offers a real contribution to the confirmation of the entity and finally a limited exposition regarding the future of this biomarker in the pathology discipline.
Desde hace más de 20 años la inmunohistoquímica ha representado una prueba auxiliar de gran relevancia para apoyar el trabajo anatomopatológico, no obstante, cabe señalar que, aún el pilar del diagnóstico sigue y seguirá siendo la descripción morfológica clásica basada en hematoxilina eosina y el ojo entrenado del especialista. En las patologías neoplásicas, ya sea benignas, como malignas, se hace cada vez más necesario la incorporación de nuevos biomarcadores tisulares que ayuden a objetivar o confirmar el diagnóstico de cada paciente, con objeto de entregar un mejor tratamiento o un diagnóstico más preciso de la naturaleza biológica de su enfermedad. En esta línea, ha habido intensa investigación en relación con la participación de la vía Wnt/ß-catenina en el desarrollo de varios tipos de cáncer, entre ellos el adenocarcinoma de colon, algunas neoplasias pancreáticas e incluso algunos tumores de origen mesenquimal como se verá en este trabajo. En este contexto y partir de dos casos clínicos de especial interés, hemos preparado una breve revisión de la literatura considerando los aspectos biológicos de la ß-catenina, los tumores donde en la actualidad existe verdadero consenso de que su inmunomarcación ofrece un aporte real a la confirmación de la entidad y finalmente una exposición acotada respecto al futuro de este biomarcador en la disciplina de la anatomía patológica.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Young Adult , beta Catenin/metabolism , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/pathology , Immunohistochemistry/methods , Biomarkers, Tumor , Diagnosis, Differential , Neoplasms/metabolismABSTRACT
Abstract Background: Due to its poor prognosis and mortality rates, heart failure (HF) has been recognized as a malignant condition, comparable to some cancers in developed countries. Objectives: To compare mortality from HF and prevalent cancers using data from a nationwide database in Brazil. Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study using secondary data obtained from Brazilian administrative databases of death records and hospitalization claims maintained by the Ministry of Health. Data were analyzed according to main diagnosis, year of occurrence (2005-2015), sex and age group. Descriptive analyses of absolute number of events, hospitalization rate, mortality rate, and in-hospital mortality rate were performed. Results: The selected cancers accounted for higher mortality, lower hospitalization and higher in-hospital mortality rates than HF. In a group analysis, HF showed mortality rates of 100-150 per 100,000 inhabitants over the period, lower than the selected cancers. However, HF had a higher mortality rate than each type of cancer, even when compared to the most prevalent and deadly ones. Regarding hospitalization rates, HF was associated with a higher risk of hospitalization when compared to cancer-related conditions as a group. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that HF has an important impact on mortality, hospitalization and in-hospital mortality, comparable to or even worse than some types of cancer, representing a potential burden to the healthcare system.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Heart Failure/mortality , Neoplasms/mortality , Prognosis , Brazil , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hospital Mortality , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Hospitalization , Neoplasms/diagnosisABSTRACT
Functional cysts usually do not cause symptoms or require surgical intervention. We reported a 17-year-old primi-gravida, gestational age of 10 weeks and 2 days, and ultrasound showing anechoic cyst in the right parauterine re-gion without septa, with a larger diameter of 13.5cm, 632ml, and Doppler color without peripheral vascularization. The patient was oligosymptomatic during gestation. At 37 weeks and 6 days, gestation was interrupted, when the cyst had 2600 ml by ultrasonography. Fetal extraction was performed by cesarean delivery, and a large adnexal cyst visualized on the right was removed. The histopathological analysis of the surgical specimen revealed a cystic le-sion coated by luteinized cells with discrete hyperchromatic and slightly pleomorphic nuclei, with underlying fibrous stroma with sparse luteinized cells, characterizing a giant luteinized follicular cyst of pregnancy. The prevalence of ovarian masses in pregnancy is rare, usually not exceeding 5 cm in diameter, and disappearing spontaneously in the second trimester. The patient in the case report had a cyst of 632 ml, increasing in volume to 2600 ml at the time of delivery. Definitive preoperative diagnosis of ovarian masses is still difficult, and predictive criteria for malignancy include the use of tumor markers, ultrasound, and Doppler. The association of these tests should guide the clinician to define the best time for surgical intervention. The association of these tests should guide the clinician to define the best time for surgical intervention (AU)
Os cistos funcionais geralmente não causam sintomas ou requerem intervenção cirúrgica. Relatamos o caso de uma primigesta de 17 anos, idade gestacional de 10 semanas e 2 dias, e ultrassonografia mostrando cisto anecoico em região parauterina direita sem septos, com maior diâmetro de 13,5cm, volume 632ml e Doppler sem vascularização periférica. A paciente permaneceu oligossintomática durante a gestação. Com 37 semanas e 6 dias, a gestação foi interrompida, quando o cisto apresentava 2.600 ml pela ultrassonografia. A extração fetal foi realizada por cesaria-na, e um grande cisto anexial visualizado à direita foi removido. A análise histopatológica da peça cirúrgica revelou lesão cística revestida por células luteinizadas com núcleos discretamente hipercromáticos e levemente pleomór-ficos, com estroma fibroso subjacente com células luteinizadas esparsas, caracterizando cisto folicular luteinizado gigante da gravidez. A prevalência de massas ovarianas na gravidez é rara, geralmente não ultrapassam o diâmetro de 5 cm, e desaparecem espontaneamente no segundo trimestre. A paciente do relato de caso apresentou cisto de 632 ml, aumentando de volume para 2600 ml no momento do parto. O diagnóstico pré-operatório definitivo de massas ovarianas ainda é difícil, e os critérios preditivos de malignidade incluem o uso de marcadores tumorais, ultrassonografia e Doppler. A associação desses testes deve orientar o clínico para definir o melhor momento para a intervenção cirúrgica (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Follicular Cyst/surgery , Follicular Cyst/diagnosis , Abortion, Septic , Neoplasms/diagnosisABSTRACT
The aim of the study is to determine the psychological well-being of patients who underwent stem cell transplantation. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 100 patients. Data were collected face-to-face using an introductory information form and the Brief Symptom Inventory.When the results of the patients were examined, the interpersonal sensitivity of the sub-dimensions of the scale was found to be 5.0 ± 4.06, depression 7.60 ± 5.37, and anxiety disorder 7.90 ± 5.34. There was a significant difference between the diagnosistime of the patients and all sub-factors of the scale, except phobic anxiety. It was found that the psychological state of the patients was directly related to the time of first diagnosis. As a result, the importance of following the psychological processof the patients during the treatment process was revealed when planning nursing care.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Patients/psychology , Stem Cell Transplantation/nursing , Emotional Adjustment/ethics , Nursing Care/ethics , Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis , Anxiety Disorders/nursing , Anxiety Disorders/rehabilitation , Paranoid Disorders/diagnosis , Paranoid Disorders/nursing , Paranoid Disorders/therapy , Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis , Psychotic Disorders/nursing , Psychotic Disorders/therapy , Somatoform Disorders/diagnosis , Somatoform Disorders/nursing , Somatoform Disorders/therapy , Bone Marrow , Demography/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Depression/diagnosis , Depression/nursing , Hostility , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/diagnosis , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/nursing , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/therapyABSTRACT
Objetivo: descrever e reclassificar os diagnósticos de outras neoplasias de exames histopatológicos do colo do útero registrados no Sistema de Informação do Câncer (Siscan), Brasil, 2013-2020. Métodos: estudo descritivo dos diagnósticos compilados no campo "outras neoplasias malignas" do Siscan; os diagnósticos foram avaliados por patologista e reclassificados nas categorias existentes no formulário; foram calculadas frequências absolutas e relativas dos diagnósticos registrados incorretamente. Resultados: o diagnóstico "outras neoplasias malignas" representou 2,4% (n = 5.778) dos diagnósticos, dos quais 67,4% poderiam ser registrados em categorias existentes, 8,9% eram efetivamente outros tipos de neoplasias malignas, e 24,5% apresentavam resultados não compatíveis com outras neoplasias, como achados benignos ou fora do colo do útero, não disponíveis nos campos existentes. Conclusão: o campo "outras neoplasias malignas" é frequentemente utilizado de maneira inadequada, no Siscan; constata-se a necessidade de capacitar os profissionais para o adequado uso dos campos do sistema e incluir novas categorias diagnósticas no formulário.
Objetivo: describir y reclasificar los diagnósticos registrados en el campo "otras neoplasias malignas" de exámenes histopatológicos del cuello uterino en el Sistema de Información del Cáncer (Siscan), Brasil, 2013-2020. Métodos: estudio descriptivo del campo "otras neoplasias malignas" en Siscan; estudio descriptivo de las fichas diagnósticas recopiladas en el campo "otras neoplasias malignas" en Siscan entre 2013 y 2020. Resultados: los diagnósticos histopatológicos "otras neoplasias malignas" representaron el 2,4% (n = 5.778) del total, de los cuales el 67,4% se pudo registrar en las categorías existentes, el 8,9% fueron en realidad otros tipos de neoplasias malignas y el 24,5% fueron resultados no compatibles con otras neoplasias y que no estaban incluidas en las opciones existentes. Conclusión: el campo "otras neoplasias malignas" es frecuentemente utilizado de manera inadecuada, en Siscan; existe la necesidad de capacitar a los profesionales para que utilicen correctamente los campos del sistema e incluyan nuevas categorías de diagnóstico en el formulario.
Objective: to describe and reclassify cervical histopathology test result diagnoses recorded as other neoplasms on the Cancer Information System (SISCAN), Brazil, 2013-2020. Methods: this was a descriptive study based on diagnoses input to the "other malign neoplasms" field on the SISCAN; a pathologist assessed the diagnoses and reclassified them based on the categories existing on the standardized record form; absolute and relative frequencies of incorrectly recorded diagnoses were calculated. Results: histopathology test results registered as "other malign neoplasms" accounted for 2.4% (n = 5,778) of all records, 67.4% of which in fact fell into categories already existing on the form, 8.9% were indeed other neoplasms and 24.5% were results not compatible with other neoplasms and were not covered by the form categories, such as benign findings or findings outside the cervix. Conclusion: the "other malignant neoplasms" field is frequently misused on the SISCAN; the analysis highlighted the need to train professionals to use the system properly, as well as the need to include new categories on the form.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis , Mass Screening/statistics & numerical data , Neoplasms/classification , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Brazil/epidemiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Diagnostic Errors , Health Information SystemsABSTRACT
Abstract Phenolic compounds are widely distributed in the plant kingdom and in the microorganisms. Cinnamic acid and its hydroxylated derivative-ferulic acid, are phenolic compounds. Ferulic acid possesses antioxidant potential, as well as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. It prevents the harmful effects of radiation both as an ultraviolet absorber and as a free radical scavenger; it is not cytotoxic. Although ferulic acid has beneficial properties, it is hardly used in cosmetic preparations and has been rarely studied in the literature. Herein, we review the literature on ferulic acid, to provide information which can contribute to further research on the compound.
Subject(s)
Phenolic Compounds , Literature , Antioxidants/analysis , Acids/administration & dosage , Laboratory and Fieldwork Analytical Methods , Free Radical Scavengers/classification , Neoplasms/diagnosisSubject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Geriatric Assessment , Frailty , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/drug therapyABSTRACT
As neoplasias cardíacas primárias são raras, e o diagnóstico correto é essencial para planejar o tratamento mais adequado. O objetivo deste estudo foi demonstrar o papel da ressonância magnética cardíaca na avaliação, no diagnóstico e no acompanhamento de fibroma cardíaco. Paciente do sexo feminino, 21 anos, com massa miocárdica ao ecocardiograma. Realizou ressonância magnética com diagnóstico de fibroma cardíaco. Foi acompanhada durante 6 anos com estabilidade do quadro. Fibromas cardíacos correspondem à segunda neoplasia mais comum em crianças e jovens. À ressonância magnética, caracterizam-se por realce tardio intenso e homogêneo.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Fibroma/ultrastructure , Fibroma/diagnostic imaging , Heart Ventricles/abnormalities , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Time Factors , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Echocardiography/methods , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Tomography/methods , Follow-Up StudiesABSTRACT
Resumo Objetivo Elaborar e validar um jogo de tabuleiro para comunicação efetiva entre profissionais da saúde e crianças com câncer. Métodos Pesquisa metodológica que utilizou a teoria socioconstrutivista de Vigostky como referencial teórico e o Child-Centered Game Development (CCGD), como referencial metodológico. O estudo foi realizado entre os meses de fevereiro/2016 e julho/2017 e seguiu as seguintes etapas: análise, conceito, design, implementação e avaliação. Nas fases que a criança participou foram incluídas aquelas com idade entre 8 e 12 anos, diagnosticadas com câncer. Durante a construção do jogo, os dados coletados foram analisados de acordo com o objetivo de cada etapa. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa de um Instituto de Ensino Superior (Parecer: 1.387.962/2014). Resultados O estudo de fase de análise mostrou que a criança deseja ser informada numa linguagem adequada ao seu nível de compreensão. Na fase de conceito foram definidos os elementos de desenvolvimento do jogo. Na fase de design foi proposto um protótipo do tabuleiro do jogo que, em seguida passou pela fase de implementação para que a criança pudesse fazer uma avaliação mais fidedigna do design do jogo de tabuleiro. Na fase de avaliação, o conteúdo das cartas foi validado pelos profissionais com índice geral de 0,95, os designers em jogos aprovaram a usabilidade e as crianças relataram apreciar o jogo. Conclusão O jogo de tabuleiro "Skuba! Uma aventura no fundo do mar" foi considerado validado. Dessa maneira, o jogo se constitui uma importante ferramenta no processo comunicacional com essa população-alvo.
Resumen Objetivo Elaborar y validar un juego de mesa para una comunicación efectiva entre profesionales de la salud y niños con cáncer. Métodos Estudio metodológico que utilizó la teoría socioconstructivista de Vigostky como marco referencial teórico y el Child-Centered Game Development (CCGD) como marco referencial metodológico. El estudio fue realizado entre los meses de febrero de 2016 y julio de 2017 y completó las siguientes etapas: análisis, concepto, diseño, implementación y evaluación. En las fases que hubo participación de niños, se incluyeron aquellos entre 8 y 12 años de edad, diagnosticados con cáncer. Durante la elaboración del juego, los datos recopilados fueron analizados de acuerdo con el objetivo de cada etapa. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética e Investigación de un instituto de educación superior (Informe n.° 1.387.962/2014). Resultados El estudio en fase de análisis demostró que los niños desean ser informados con un lenguaje adecuado a su nivel de comprensión. En la fase de concepto, se definieron los elementos de desarrollo del juego. En la fase de diseño, se presentó un prototipo del tablero del juego, que luego pasó a la fase de implementación para que los niños pudieran hacer una evaluación más fidedigna del diseño del juego de mesa. En la fase de evaluación, los profesionales validaron el contenido de las cartas con un índice general de 0,95, los diseñadores de juegos aprobaron la usabilidad y los niños relataron que el juego les gustó. Conclusión El juego de mesa "¡Skuba! Una aventura en el fondo del mar" fue considerado validado. De esta manera, el juego constituye una herramienta importante en el proceso comunicativo con el público destinatario.
Abstract Objective To elaborate and validate a board game for effective communication between health professionals and children with cancer. Methods This methodological research followed Vigostky's social-constructivist theory as a theoretical framework and the Child-Centered Game Development (CCGD) as a methodological framework. We carried out the study between February/2016 and July/2017 and followed these phases: analysis, concept, design, implementation, and evaluation. In the phases that we had children's participation, we included those who were between 8 to 12 years old and diagnosed with cancer. During the development of the game, we analyzed the collected data according to the objective of each phase. The Research Ethics Committee from a Higher Education Institute approved the research (Protocol number: 1.387.962/2014). Results The phase study revealed that the child wishes to be informed in an adequate language to their level of comprehension. In the concept phase, we defined the developing elements of the game. In the design phase, we propose a prototype of the board that subsequently was implemented so that the child could carry out a reliable evaluation of the game board design. In the evaluation phase, professionals evaluated the content of the cards with an average index of 0.95, the game designers approved the usability, and the children reported enjoying the game. Conclusion We considered the game board "Skuba! An adventure under the sea" valid. Thus, the game represents an important tool in the communication process with this target audience.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Play and Playthings , Health Personnel , Communication , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/therapy , Nursing Methodology Research , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Validation Studies as TopicABSTRACT
Objetivo: Analisar efeitos de curto prazo da pandemia de COVID-19 no rastreamento, investigação diagnóstica e tratamento de câncer no Brasil. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, utilizando-se dados do Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais e do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares, e Sistema de Informação do Câncer. Calculou-se a variação percentual mensal de procedimentos de rastreamento, diagnóstico e tratamento de câncer, em 2019 e 2020, além do tempo esperado para realização dos exames relacionados aos cânceres do colo do útero e de mama. Resultados: Em 2020, houve redução de 3.767.686 (-44,6%) exames citopatológicos, 1.624.056 (-42,6%) mamografias, 257.697 (-35,3%) biópsias, 25.172 cirurgias oncológicas (-15,7%) e 552 (-0,7%) procedimentos de radioterapia, comparando-se a 2019. Os intervalos de tempo para realização de exames de rastreamento de câncer do colo uterino e mama foram pouco afetados. Conclusão: Ações de controle do câncer foram afetadas pela pandemia, sendo necessárias estratégias para mitigar efeitos dos atrasos no diagnóstico e tratamento.
Objetivo: Analizar los efectos a corto plazo de la pandemia por COVID-19 en rastreo, diagnóstico y tratamiento de cáncer en Brasil. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo utilizando datos del Sistemas de Información Ambulatoria y Hospitalaria del SUS y Sistema de Información del Cáncer. Se calculó la variación porcentual mensual en procedimientos de rastreo, diagnóstico y tratamiento de cáncer para 2019 y 2020, y el tiempo para realizar exámenes de cánceres de cérvix y mama. Resultados: En 2020 hubo reducción de 3.767.686 (-44,6%) en exámenes citopatológicos, 1.624.056 (-42,6%) en mamografías, 257.697 (-35,3%) en biopsias, 25.172 (-15,7%) en cirugías oncológicas y 552 (-0,7%) en radioterapia en comparación con 2019. Tiempos de los exámenes de rastreo para los cánceres de cérvix y de mama se vieron poco afectados. Conclusión: Acciones de control del cáncer se vieron impactadas por la pandemia, por lo que fue necesario diseñar estrategias para mitigar los efectos de posibles retrasos en diagnóstico y tratamiento.
Objective: To analyze the short-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer screening, diagnosis and treatment in Brazil. Methods: This was a descriptive study using data from the Outpatient and Hospital Information Systems, and the Cancer Information System. Monthly percentage variation of cancer screening, diagnosis and treatment procedures in 2019 and 2020 was calculated, as well as waiting time for cervical and breast cancer tests. Results: In 2020 cytopathology tests fell by 3,767,686 (-44.6%), screening mammograms fell by 1,624,056 (-42.6%), biopsies fell by 257,697 (-35.3%), cancer surgery fell by 25,172 (-15.7%), and radiotherapy procedures fell by 552 (-0.7%), compared to 2019. Time intervals for performing cervical and breast cancer screening exams were little affected. Conclusion: Cancer control actions were impacted by the pandemic, making it necessary to devise strategies to mitigate the effects of possible delays in diagnosis and treatment.
Subject(s)
Humans , Early Detection of Cancer/methods , COVID-19/prevention & control , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , SARS-CoV-2 , Neoplasms/therapyABSTRACT
Introdução: Pacientes oncológicos apresentam alto risco de desnutrição, em razão das desordens metabólicas da doença e de tratamentos necessários. A espessura do músculo adutor do polegar (EMAP) avalia o compartimento muscular, podendo ser útil para detectar a desnutrição precoce. Objetivo: Verificar a frequência de desnutrição em pacientes oncológicos conforme a EMAP e correlacionar com o índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência do braço (CB) e avaliação subjetiva global produzida pelo próprio paciente (ASG-PPP). Método: Estudo transversal, com indivíduos com idade maior ou igual a 20 anos, internados para administração de quimioterapia, em um hospital do Vale do Taquari-RS. Foram coletados dados antropométricos: peso, altura, CB e EMAP durante a triagem nutricional. A ASG-PPP foi aplicada para avaliação do estado nutricional. Os dados foram analisados por meio do software SPSS versão 26.0, e as variáveis relacionadas por meio do teste qui-quadrado de Pearson e correlacionadas pelo teste de Spearman. Resultados: Foram avaliados 41 pacientes. Destes, 68,3% foram classificados com algum grau de redução pela EMAP. A ASG-PPP classificou 78% em risco nutricional/ desnutrição moderada e desnutrição grave. Houve correlação significativa entre a EMAP e a ASG-PPP. Foi observada correlação inversa entre a EMAP e o IMC. A EMAP teve associação significativa com o IMC, a CB e a ASG-PPP. Conclusão: A EMAP é um método eficaz, utilizado para diagnosticar desnutrição, podendo ser associado a outros métodos de avaliação para o diagnóstico nutricional de pacientes oncológicos
Introduction: Cancer patients are at high risk of malnutrition due to the metabolic disorders of the disease and the required treatments. The adductor pollicis muscle thickness (APMT) evaluates the muscular compartment and can be useful to detect early malnutrition. Objective: To verify the frequency of malnutrition in cancer patients according to APMT and correlate with the body mass index (BMI), mid arm circumference (MAC) and patient generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA). Method: Cross-sectional study, with individuals aged 20 years or older, admitted for chemotherapy treatment, in a hospital in Vale do Taquari-RS. Anthropometric data were collected: weight, height, MAC and APMT during nutritional screening. PG-SGA was applied to assess nutritional status. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 26.0 and the variables were related using Pearson's Chi-square test and correlated by Spearman's test. Results: 41 patients were evaluated. Of these, 68.3% were classified with some degree of reduction by APMT. The PG-SGA classified 78% in nutritional risk/moderate malnutrition and severe malnutrition. There was a significant correlation between APMT and PG-SGA. An inverse correlation was observed between APMT and BMI. APMT had a significant association with BMI, MAC and PG-SGA. Conclusion: APMT is an effective method utilized to diagnose malnutrition and can be associated with other assessment methods for the nutritional diagnosis of cancer patients
Introducción: Los pacientes con cáncer tienen un alto riesgo de desnutrición, debido a los trastornos metabólicos de la enfermedad y los tratamientos necesarios. El grosor del músculo aductor del pulgar (EMAP) evalúa el compartimento muscular y puede ser útil para detectar la desnutrición precoz. Objetivo: Verificar la frecuencia de desnutrición en pacientes oncológicos según la EMAP y correlacionar con el índice de masa corporal (IMC), circunferencia del brazo (CB) y evaluación global subjetiva producida por el paciente (EGS-PPP). Método: Estudio transversal, con individuos de 20 años o más, ingresados para administración de quimioterapia, en un hospital de Vale do Taquari-RS. Se recogieron datos antropométricos: peso, talla, CB y EMAP durante el cribado nutricional. Se aplicó EGS-PPP para evaluar el estado nutricional. Los datos se analizaron mediante el software SPSS versión 26.0 y las variables se relacionaron mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson y se correlacionaron mediante la prueba de Spearman. Resultados: Se evaluaron 41 pacientes. De estos, el 68,3% fueron clasificados con algún grado de reducción por EMAP. La EGS-PPP clasificó al 78% en riesgo nutricional/desnutrición moderada y desnutrición severa. Hubo una correlación significativa entre EMAP y EGS-PPP. Se observó una correlación inversa entre EMAP e IMC. EMAP tuvo una asociación significativa con IMC, CB y EGS-PPP. Conclusión: EMAP es un método eficaz para diagnosticar la desnutrición y puede utilizarse junto con otros métodos de evaluación para el diagnóstico nutricional de pacientes con cáncer
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Nutrition Assessment , Anthropometry , Cross-Sectional Studies , Malnutrition/diagnosis , Neoplasms/diagnosisABSTRACT
Objetiva-se analisar os significados atribuídos à dança pelas mães de crianças acometidas pelo câncer na relação com o estilo de vida e o cuidado em saúde. Estudo explicativo, qualitativo, realizado com mães de crianças com câncer, no momento da internação hospitalar para realização de quimioterapia, na pediatria do Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva, Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram coletados através de formulário de identificação e caracterização do estilo de vida, além de entrevista semiestruturada em profundidade, no período de fevereiro de 2019 até março de 2020. Optou-se pelo Interacionismo Simbólico, como base referencial, juntamente com a Grounded Theory, para a produção e análise dos dados. O estudo justifica-se por ser original e inédito, também, pela transmutação que a dança realizou nas mães de crianças com câncer, refletindo novas possibilidades para cuidar de si e para cuidar do outro. Emergiram dos dados os componentes correspondentes ao modelo paradigmático, a saber: "Percebendo situações diárias desafiantes à sobrevivência: entre o real e o ideal"; "Ressignificando a percepção do agravo estereotipado através de um espaço lúdico de criação"; "Repercutindo, por meio da experiência no espaço da dança, novas possibilidades para cuidar de si e para cuidar do outro". Como categoria central, o estudo revelou: "Transmutando a energia da mãe da criança com agravo oncológico através do simbólico da dança". O estudo aponta, assim, constructos explicativos que versam sobre o fenômeno dos significados atribuídos à dança pelas mães de criança com câncer com nexo ao estilo de vida e a saúde integral, haja vista as condições intervenientes, as estratégias de ação/interação e as consequências/resultados, que implicam no cuidado em enfermagem/ saúde.
The objective is to analyze the meanings attributed by mothers of children affected by cancer to dance, in relation to lifestyle and health care. explanatory, qualitative study, carried out with mothers of children with cancer, at the time of hospitalization for chemotherapy, in the pediatrics department of the José Alencar Gomes da Silva National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro.The data were collected through a lifestyle identification and characterization form and in-depth semi-structured interviews, from February 2019 to March 2020. Symbolic Interactionism was chosen as the reference base and Grounded Theory for the production and analysis of Dice. The study is justified for being original and unpublished and for the transmutation that dance performed in the mothers of children with cancer, reflecting new possibilities for taking care of themselves and for taking care of others.The components corresponding to the paradigmatic model emerged from the data, namely: Perceiving daily situations challenging survival: Between the real and the ideal, Re- signifying the perception of stereotyped grievance through a playful space of creation, Echoing through the experience in the dance space, new possibilities to take care of yourself and to take care of others. As a central category, the study highlighted: Transmuting the energy of the child's mother with cancer through the symbolic of dance.The study thus points out explanatory constructs that deal with the phenomenon of meanings attributed to dance by mothers of children with cancer related to lifestyle and comprehensive health, given the intervening conditions, action/interaction strategies, and consequences/ results, which imply for nursing/health care.
El objetivo es analizar los significados que las madres de niños afectados por cáncer atribuyen a la danza, en relación al estilo de vida y la atención a la salud. Estudio explicativo, cualitativo, realizado con madres de niños con cáncer, en el momento de la hospitalización por quimioterapia, en el departamento de pediatría del Instituto Nacional del Cáncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva, Río de Janeiro. Los datos fueron recogidos a través de un formulario de identificación y caracterización de estilos de vida y entrevistas semiestructuradas en profundidad, desde febrero de 2019 hasta marzo de 2020. Se eligió el Interaccionismo Simbólico como base de referencia y la Teoría Fundamentada para la producción y análisis de datos. El estudio se justifica por ser original e inédito y por la transmutación que la danza realiza en las madres de niños con cáncer, reflejando nuevas posibilidades de cuidarse a sí mismas y de cuidar a los demás. Los componentes correspondientes al modelo paradigmático emergieron de los datos, a saber: Percepción de situaciones cotidianas que desafían la supervivencia: Entre el real y el ideal, Re- significando la percepción del agravio estereotipado a través de un espacio lúdico de creación, Haciendo eco a través de la experiencia en el espacio de la danza, nuevas posibilidades para cuidarse y cuidar a los demás. Como categoría central, el estudio destacó: Transmutar la energía de la madre del niño con cáncer a través del simbólico de la danza. Así, el estudio señala constructos explicativos que abordan el fenómeno de los significados atribuidos a la danza por las madres de niños con cáncer relacionados con el estilo de vida y la salud integral, dadas las condiciones que intervienen, las estrategias de acción / interacción y las consecuencias / resultados que implican cuidados de enfermería/salud.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Dancing , Holistic Health , Life Style , Mothers/psychology , Neoplasms/nursing , Qualitative Research , Resilience, Psychological , Recreation Therapy/methods , Recreation Therapy/psychology , Grounded Theory , Symbolic Interactionism , Hospitalization , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/therapyABSTRACT
Os pacientes em cuidados paliativos (CP) oncológicos têm uma carga de sintomas alta e a tendência a perder a capacidade funcional. Nesta dissertação buscou-se avaliar o papel da carga de sintomas e a capacidade funcional como fatores prognósticos em pacientes em CP oncológicos. Foi realizado um estudo de coorte retrospectivo observacional realizado em uma unidade de cuidados paliativos pública. Para o cálculo da sobrevida, foi utilizado o método Kaplan-Meier e o modelo hazards proporcionais de Cox estratificado por sexo para analisar o poder preditivo da capacidade funcional e da carga de sintomas na sobrevida, avaliados pelo Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) e da Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) respectivamente. Foram incluídos no estudo 404 pacientes, verificou-se que o KPS 30 - 50% apresentou maior associação com o risco de morrer tanto em mulheres (HR ajustada 1,84 IC 95% 1,33-2,54) quanto em homens (HR ajustada 3,07 IC 95% 2,14 -4,41). O e o escore total da ESAS moderada/intensa também mostrou relação com a sobrevida mais curta para ambos os sexos (mulheres: HR ajustada 1,56 IC 95% 1.15-2,11; homens: HR ajustada 2,27 IC 95% 1,60 3,20). A respeito dos sintomas individuais houve diferenças entre mulheres e homens em relação à associação com o pior prognóstico para mulheres e homens, respectivamente: dor moderada/intensa (HR ajustada 1.38 IC 95 % 1.02-1.87; HR ajustada 2.15 IC 95 % 1.53- 3.02 ), fadiga moderada/intensa (HR ajustada 1.97 IC 1.43-2.72; HR ajustada 2.24 IC 95 % 1.74-3.86 ) e dispneia (HR ajustada 1.68 IC 95% 1.17- 2.43; HR ajustada 2.51 IC 95% 1.64 -3.86 ) Neste estudo pode-se ratificar o papel do KPS e da carga de sintomas como fatores prognósticos independente. Com base nestas informações, foi possível instrumentalizar os profissionais de saúde indícios a respeito do quadro clínico e prognóstico do paciente, contribuindo para a elaboração das prioridades e objetivos no planejamento do plano de cuidados em uma consulta ambulatorial.
Patients in palliative care (PC) oncology have a high burden of symptoms and a tendency to lose functional capacity. In this dissertation we sought to evaluate the role of symptom burden and functional capacity as prognostic factors in patients in PC oncology. A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted in a public palliative care unit. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model stratified by sex were used to calculate survival to analyze the predictive power of functional capacity and symptom burden on survival, as assessed by the Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) and the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) respectively. 404 patients were included in the study, KPS 30 - 50% was found to have a greater association with the risk of dying in both women (adjusted HR 1.84 95% CI 1.33-2.54) and men (adjusted HR 3.07 95% CI 2.14 -4.41). The and the moderate/intense ESAS total score also showed a relationship with shorter survival for both genders (women: adjusted HR 1.56 95% CI 1.15-2.11; men: adjusted HR 2.27 95% CI 1.60 - 3.20). Regarding individual symptoms there were differences between women and men regarding the association with the worst prognosis for women and men, respectively: moderate/intense pain (adjusted HR 1.38 95% CI 1.02-1.87; adjusted HR 2.15 95% CI 1.53- 3. 02 ), moderate/intense fatigue (adjusted HR 1.97 CI 1.43-2.72; adjusted HR 2.24 CI 95 % 1.74-3.86 ) and dyspnea (adjusted HR 1.68 CI 95% 1.17- 2.43; adjusted HR 2.51 CI 95% 1.64 -3.86 ) In this study the role of KPS and symptom burden as independent prognostic factors can be ratified. Based on this information, it was possible to provide health professionals with indications regarding the clinical condition and prognosis of the patient, contributing to the elaboration of priorities and objectives in the planning of the care plan in an outpatient consultation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Palliative Care , Terminal Care , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/therapy , Prognosis , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
Abstract In recent years, nanocarriers have been studied as promising pharmaceutical tools for controlled drug-delivery, treatment-efficacy follow-up and disease imaging. Among them, X-shaped amphiphilic polymeric micelles (Tetronic®, poloxamines) display great potential due to their biocompatibility and non-toxic effects, among others. In the present work, polymeric micelles based on the T1307 copolymer were initially decorated with a 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY)-fluorophore in order to determinate its in vivo biodistribution on 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. However, unfavorable results with this probe led to two different strategies. On the one hand, the BODIPY-micelle-loaded, L-T1307-BODIPY, and on the other hand, the 99mTc-micelle-radiolabeled, L-T1307- 99m Tc, were analyzed separately in vivo. The results indicated that T1307 accumulates mainly in the stomach, the kidneys, the lungs and the tumor, reaching the maximum organ-accumulation 2 hours after intravenous injection. Additionally, and according to the results obtained for L-T1307- 99m Tc, the capture of the polymeric micelles in organs could be observed up to 24 hours after injection. The results obtained in this work were promising towards the development of new radiotracer agents for breast cancer based on X-shaped polymeric micelles.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , Efficacy , Diagnosis , Injections, Intravenous/classification , Micelles , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Stomach/abnormalities , Pharmaceutical Preparations/analysis , Health Strategies , Lung/abnormalitiesABSTRACT
RESUMEN Introducción: la mortalidad por tumores malignos se caracteriza por un incremento sostenido en el tiempo. En casi la totalidad de la provincia de Matanzas se ha observado esta tendencia en los últimos 30 años, con mayor o menor intensidad. Objetivo : describir algunas características de la mortalidad por cáncer en la provincia de Matanzas. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo de la mortalidad por tumores malignos durante 30 años (1990-2019). Se estimaron tasas crudas y ajustadas de mortalidad, globalmente, por períodos y por sexo. Se obtuvieron porcentajes y se determinó la significación estadística mediante el estadígrafo X2 y el valor de p < 0,05. Resultados: se detectaron diferencias estadísticas significativas entre sexos en cada uno de los períodos. Las tasas crudas y específicas de mortalidad experimentaron una tendencia sostenida al incremento. Cada 0,3 días (aproximadamente cada 8 horas) ocurrió una defunción por cáncer, con diferencias entre las localizaciones. Conclusiones: la tendencia al incremento sostenido de las tasas de mortalidad cruda y ajustada por edad se debe al aumento de las defunciones, pudiendo ser consecuencia, en parte, del envejecimiento poblacional y de un posible incremento de la morbilidad. El sexo masculino apareció como el más expuesto. La frecuencia de la mortalidad por cáncer fue diferente según localizaciones (AU).
ABSCRACT Introduction: Steady increase in time characterized the mortality by malignant tumors in the world as in Cuba. It was observed similar trend in the province of Matanzas in the last 30 years, almost in all body sites, showing higher or less intensity. Objective: To describe some characteristics of mortality by malignant tumors in the province of Matanzas Materials and methods: It is a descriptive observational and retrospective study of the mortality by malignant tumors for 30 years: 1990-2019. Crude and adjusted mortality rates were estimated, globally, by periods and sex. Percentages were estimated and statistical significance was determined through X2 test and p value < 0,05. Results: Statistical significant differences were detected among sexes in all periods. Crude and specific mortality rates showed an increasing steady trend. Every 0.3 days (around 8 hours) one decease took place due to malignant tumors, with differences among sites of the disease. Conclusions: The increasing steady trend of the crude & adjusted mortality rates by age could be, partly, results of the population ageing. Male sex appeared to be the most exposed. Mortality frequency by malignant tumors was different according to sites of the tumor (AU).
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Patient Acuity , Neoplasms/mortality , Terminal Care , Catastrophic Illness/mortality , Neoplasms/complications , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/pathologySubject(s)
Humans , Male , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/diagnosis , Meningioma/diagnosis , Paresis/diagnosis , Schizophrenia/pathology , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/surgery , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/therapy , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/epidemiology , Meningioma/surgery , Meningioma/therapy , Meningioma/epidemiology , Neoplasms/diagnosisABSTRACT
RESUMEN En muchas ocasiones, los pacientes con tumores cerebrales tienen una variedad de síntomas psiquiátricos inespecíficos. Algunos de estos pueden constituir la primera o única manifestación del tumor, sin la presencia de ningún síntoma o signo neurológico. El diagnóstico ha de basarse en la anamnesis completa y en la exploración neurológica; la neuroimagen confirmará el diagnóstico clínico. Con el presente trabajo se describió la asociación inusual de hematoma subdural crónico y meningioma parasagital en un caso presentado. Se trató de un paciente de 68 años con antecedentes de esquizofrenia. Acudió a consulta con una hemiparesia izquierda. Se le realizó una tomografía axial computarizada de cráneo y arrojó un hematoma subdural crónico y un meningioma parasagital derecho. Se le aplicó tratamiento quirúrgico en dos tiempos operatorios. Su evolución posquirúrgica transcurrió sin complicaciones (AU).
ABSTRACT In many cases, patients with brain tumors have a variety of nonspecific psychiatric symptoms. Some of them can be the first or the only manifestation of the tumor, without presenting any neurological signs or symptoms. The diagnosis must be based on the complete anamnesis and on the neurological examination. The neuroimaging will confirm the clinical diagnosis. The unusual association of a chronic subdural hematoma and a parasagittal meningioma was described in a case presented in the current work. It dealt with a patient, aged 68 years with antecedents of schizophrenia. He assisted the consultation with left hemiparesis. A skull computed tomography showed a chronic subdural hematoma and a right parasagittal meningioma. He underwent a two-steps surgery. His post-surgery evolution ran without complications (AU).